Lubrication apparatus



June 20, 1939. F. Q BLANCHARD 2,162,932

LUBRI CATI ON APPARATUS by i@ AM., :WL M.- f um June 20, 1939. F, Q BLANCHARD 2,162,932

LUBRICATION APPARATUS Filed Jan. 18, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 @ay 6e 56/64/56/60 '/68 56 68 A54` 60 NW /62 454/56 66 J6@ 6 66 sa A /6 Fh 6 6 -l -zg /sa aaa 'aan f90 191,9. /94 /se' E 636 ne, @of -188g /84 46 5306 l74 w76 4o f l ,I ,fa/6 j Il El@ wefa Il] \/l l [iwezz'oaf al@ ddyy, al4a, JIM/naal, 7 )am Patented June 20, 1939 @UNITED STATES PATENrdl-"FICE l '2,162,932- LUBRICA'rIoN ABPARATS s Frederick, lI de-tnchard, Brookline, Mass.) Application january 18,1937, seri'alzn. 121,03'71 z'ovloiaims. (o1.1s4--f-'7)' f fv Ihis invention relates to lubricationl apparatus, "and is more especially concerned with intercon'necteddual systems, one of which serves one or more working parts requiring a continuous supply of oil, and the other ofA which serves to both systems, and there is a pump also com# mon toiboth and drawing oil from the sump and supplying oilto both systems, the pump inlet being connected to the sump, and the pump outlet being connected to one or more feedesserving the .extraneous working part or parts. `In

thev present example, the system extraneous to the housing includes a loop line or conduitto which oil is supplied by the pump in excessofthe requirements of the feeder or feeders,A and the excess oil is returned to a reservi'lirwithinl which the'pump is located. Y Furthermore, in the present example, 'pressure pulsations are created in the loop line'cr con'- duit by av power driven. valve which'fopens Vand w closes the return end or outlet of the -loop line to thereservoir. The pulsations thus impressed upon the oil in the loop line cause thefe'eder or feeders to respond, the feeders opening -when lthe 35. ressure rises due to the closing of the return end of the loop line, and closing when the pressure drops due to the opening of the return fend.

Themaximum pressure in the loop line is -pre-'l determined by a pressure limiting or relief valve..r

40,; which discharges oil into the reservoir.;;fThe oil returned to the reservoir, whetherby the relief valveor by the power driven va1ve, creates1nv the reservoir a body of oil whose level is maintained by a drain conduit leading from theres- 45; ervoir `and discharging to the sump. .The pump is submerged in this body of oil and its Working parts. are thus lubricated. v

In the present example, moreover, oil is taken from the circulating columnin the .pulsating 50 system and is utilized to lubricate thelr working partorparts within the hereinbefore mentioned housing, thel latter to this end being provided with a reservoir, herein conveniently in theform of aV gutter having an outlet or outlets lto theV 55,y working part or parts within thel housing.- The supply of-xoil toy this-gutter is under the control of an'automatic, pressure-responsive valve ref sponding to the pressure fluctuations in the circulating column. When the power driven valve closesthe return-endiof'theloop line or con- 5 duit and thus'rais'esf the-pressure in the latter, this pressure responsivefvalve ycloses and stops the dischargewf oil'td thegutter. When,l on the other hand, the '"-pwer driven valve opens the return end ofnthe loop line and thus lowers the 10 pressure'in the-latter-,fthis pressure responsive valve opens theloop li'rie to the gutter, thus maintaining inY the-latter a' supply of oil which gravitates tothelwcrking part.v or parts within the housing.

Thus itis evidentthatf the dual systems, eachV operating vin rits-:own way, have much that is common 'to'b'othgfsuch asl the sump, the pump and the reservoirin which the pump is submerged in oil. A lter between the'sump and 20,-

the pump inletflters-hthe oil over and Aover again during .'thecirculation common to both systems."V -V The invention will best be understood by reference tothe following description when taken 25 in `connection 'with thev accompanying drawings illustrating zone'i specicembodiment of the invention, 4while 'its'.'scope'will'ibe pointed out more particularly A:in `the".appen'dced claims. Y

In the` 'drawings-r 1 Fig. 1 is averticalj'secticnal view of `a ma chine equ'ippediwith'lubrication apparatus einA bodying theii'nventomy Fi'g. 2 is a'verticaL sectional view illustrating f the pumping unitf-withf-itsxpump and reservoir;

Fig; 3 is a, vertical, sectional view on line 3-3 ofFiggZ; -f Fig. 4 yiis-e a'horizontalpsectionalView on line* L -4 of-Fig. 3 :but: with; the Apressure responsive valve closed;

Fig. 5 is ahorzontal ,sectional View like Fig. 4 but with. thepressure; responsive-valve open;- Fig. ,6 is a; vertical:,` `secti0nal viewiof apressure responsive feecler-w'of;V one type serving extraneous bearings;aridi,Y fp-1 f v Fig. .7.is Aa TAvertic,a1,;sectional View of va pressure 'responsivel feederir?? another type serving other extraneous bearings.: f,

Referring to the drawings and tothe embodimentof. the-.invention illustrated therein by way 50i ,i

of example, andhavingreference at rst to Fig. 1,

g there -is .shown fahousing lll` lpresenting a sump i2 serving asv a primary reservoir from which oilY is drawn and to which oilis returned and subsequently refused. l n'other words, this primary 55;.

reservoir is a part of a circulatory system. A part of this circulatory system is an intake pipe I4 having an inlet near the bottom of the reservoir and leading to the inlet of an appropriate filter I5 (for example the commercially known iilter known as the Cuno and manufactured under U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,414,120).

From the filter outlet, a pipe I6 leads upwardly and is connected to the inlet of an appropriate pump such as that which is disclosed in U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,047,352 issued to me July 14, 1936, to which reference may be had for such details as are not shown and described herein. As shown in that patent, the pump inlet is provided with a strainer through which oil is drawn from a reservoir within a casing which houses the pump, In the present inventi, however, although there is a similar casing I8 and although it provides a reservoir, as will hereinafter appear, nevertheless the pipe I6 does not communicate with the reservoir but leads directly to the pump inlet whose strainer, shown in the patent, is

omitted.

'I'he pipe |6 is attached to an elbow 20 (see .'Fig. 1) which, in turn, is attachedA to a pipe 22 `changes hereinafter to be noted'. The pump has an outlet 28 (see Fig. 3) discharging through a pipe 30, elbow 32 and pipe 34, thev latter leading upwardly through a cover 36 at the top of the casing I8, as shown in Fig. 2. This pipe (see Fig.

-1) is connected by a pipe 38 to one or more, herein al gangrof pressure responsive Afeeders 40 hereinafter described, and from this gang of feeders a pipe 42 leads to a header or-manifold 44 which supplies one or more pressure responsive feeders 46 hereinafter described.

A pipe 48 leads from the header or manifold 44 and is connected to the upper end of a return pipe 50 (see Fig. 3) which discharges oil through a passage 52 to a chamber 54. Communicating with the upper end of this chamber is a cylinder 56 which, in turn, communicates with a passage 58 having an outlet 60 adapted to discharge part of the returning oil into a secondary reservoir 62 within the casing I8. When this outlet is open, oil drawn from the sump passes ythrough the pump and loop line or conduit -including the pipes 38, 42 and 48 and a small proportion of the oil is delivered into the reservoir 62 which may be considered a secondary reservoi-r.` The remainder is delivered to a tertiary reservoir as will appear hereinafter. When the outlet 68 is open, as stated, the pressure in the loop line or conduit is relatively low (as 5 to 10 pounds, forrexample) and is insuiilcient tc cause the feeder or feeders to respond.

, When this outlet is closed as by a valve 64, pres'- ently to be described, the pressure' in the conduit rises abruptly to a relatively highV value (as one hundred and fifty pounds, for example) which is more than sufficient to make the feeders respond and open. The degree of pressure developed in the system when the valve 64 closes the outletA 60 is determined by a pressure relief valve presently to be described.

In the present example, the valve 64 is a slowly rotating plate having a series of spaced lobes 66 (see Fig. 2) which successively close the outlet 6U. This plate is power driven as by appropriate mechanism connecting the same to apump driving shaft 68, the driving mechanism (see Fig. 2)

in the present example comprising a worm gear 'l0 which meshes with and is driven by a worm 12 suitably formed on or secured to a vertical shaft 14 which is mounted in upper and lower bearings 16 and 18. To the upper end of this shaft is secured a worm gear 88 which meshes with and is driven by a worm 82 suitably formed on or secured to the pump driving shaft 68. The plate valve 64 is maintained in firm engagement with the adjacent face of the pump body as by securing the plate valve and the worm gear 18 to a shaft 84 which extends through the pump body and is encircledon the opposite side of the latter by a spring 86 which rests at one end against the pump body and at its other end against a washer 88 held in place on the shaft by a nut 8D threaded onto the latter and held in place by a cotter pin 92. This spring therefore constitutes an automatic take-up which prevents leakage of the valve when the latter is closed.

When the return end outlet 60 of the system is closed by one of the lobes 56 on the plate valve 64, there is produced in the system a comparatively high `pressure for `a brief interval of time, the pressure being of suili'cient intensity to cause the feeder or feeders` to respond. The intensity of this pressure is limited by a relief valve 94 which is movable vertically in the cylinder 56 and has its lower end exposed to the pressure within the chamber 54 whose lower end is closed by a threaded plug 86. The relief valve is suitably spring loaded as by two springs 88 and |80. The lower end of the spring 98 rests upon an abutment |82 near the upper end of the relief valve, and at its upper end by an abutment I 04 presented by a plunger |06. The lower end ofthe spring |00 rests against the abutment |04, while its upper end is adapted to engage an abutment |88 presented by aplug I I8 which is threaded into the pump body.

The spring loading on the relief valve is such that during the periods of high pressure the valve is lifted, at rst, without resistance because the'upper spring |06 has not yet engaged the abutment |88, and upon further movement of the relief valve a compression of the springs 98 and |00 occurs and the lower end of the relief valve uncovers the adjacent end of the passage 58, thus' allowing oil returning from the incoming endy of the conduit system to escape through the passage 58 to the reservoir.

The relief valve' is provided with a vertical passage V|I2 extending from its lower end upwardly and Icommunicating with a horizontal passage |I4 which in turn communicates with an annular groove H6. The relief valve rises until its annular groove registers with a relief port ||8 (Fig. 2) leading to the reservoir 62, and permits the escape of suiiicient oil to limit the pressure in the system to that which is desired (for example, one hundred and fty pounds) the pressure being predetermined by the spring loading on the relief valve.

Although the relief valve-is provided with an annular oil sealing groove |28 to prevent excessive Aleakage of oil about the relief valve, there is nevertheless some leakage of oil into an annulai` chamber |22 (Fig. 3') about a depending skirt |24 on the plug I I8`and from this chamber a small amount of oil is conducted through a passage |26 in a nozzle |28. Oil from this noz- -zle drips onto the worm 58 and lubricates the latter and the worm gear 80. The load of the springs 88V and |00 may be varied by turning the plug I0. A-seti-screw |38 preserves the adjust ment. Oil escaping into the reservoir 62 is maintained at a high level predetermined by an overow, herein comprising a pipe |3| extending through the wall of the casing I8 and connected '(See Fig. l) by an elbow |32 and a pipe |34 to the interior oi the housing I6, whence the oil is returned to the sump or primary reservoir I2.

From the system thus described, oil is taken to supply the other system which lubricates a Working part or parts withinthe housing I6, the the latter, in this example, being provided with a tertiary reservoir conveniently in the form of a gutter |36 from which one or more conduits herein a plurality of conduits |38, |46, |42, |44 and |46 lead to working parts to lubricate them. rhis diversion of oil from the first system to the second system is conveniently accomplished by a pressure responsive valve, presently to be described, Whose mode of operation is such that when the return outlet 60 is closed to create high pressure in the rst system, the valve automatically moves and stops discharge of oil to the gutter |36. On the other hand, when the return outlet 60 is opened to cause a low pressure in the first system, the pressure responsive valve now to be described automatically opens. the passages 58 and |48 to the gutter |36.

The valve by which this is accomplished will l now be described, reference being had to Figs. 4 and 5. Leading from one side of the passage 58 is a port |48, and communicating with the port is a pipe |56 which as shown in Fig. 2 extends through the wall of the casing I8 and as Shown in Fig. 1 is connected to an exterior pipe |52 leading to the gutter |36. Returning now to Figs. 4 and 5, the passage 58 constitutes a cylinder, within which is a piston valve |54 arranged to open and close the lateral port |43.

When the pump is at rest and when, consequently, there is no pressure in the system, a suitably arranged spring |56 urges the piston valve toward the right (see Fig. 4) and the valve |54 covers the port |48. Movement of the valve under the inuence of the spring is suitably lim- Y Ited as by providing the valve with a slim stem whose extremity engages the far side of the cylinder 56. In the example shown, one end of the spring is seated at the inner end of a chamber |66 within the valve, and the other end of the spring is seated within a chamber |62 within a plug |64 secured in place as by a set-screw |66.

The piston valve |54 is provided with a longitudinal passage |68 and the plug |64 is provided with a longitudinal passage |16, the cross-sectional area of each being much less than that of the lateral port |48. When the pump starts, pressure quickly develops because the lateral port |48 is closed, and the pressure moves the valve to the position shown in Fig. 5, thus opening the port |48 and causing the delivery of oil through the Vport and to the gutter. This is because the passages |68 and |18 are so small in comparison with the port |48.

When, however, during the rotation of the plate valve 64 a lobe 66 on the latter closes the outlet opening 66 (see Fig. 4) pressure becomes equalized on opposite ends of the piston valve |54, the spring |56 asserts itself and moves the piston valve to the position first described, i. e., across the port |48, and a high pressure develops inthe system so that surplus oil released by the pressure relief valve 64 escapes through the relief port H8 (see Fig. 3) into the reservoir 62 within the casing |8. This surplus oil accumul lates in the reservoir 62 until the overflow level determined by the overflow pipe' |3| .is attained, and further excess oil drains out through the elbow |32 (see Fig. 1) and pipe |34 to the sump l2.

As already indicated, the pressure pulsations produced bythe opening and closing of the out# let 66` are-utilized to operate one or more pressure responsive feeders such as the feeders 40 andv 46 for the extraneous working part or parts. The feederV 46 is fully shown and described in the aforesaid patent but will be described here, reference being had to Fig. 6. The feeder comprises a body or casing |12 provided with a supply-passage |14 communicating with the pipes 38 and 42 shown in Fig. 1 forming a part of the system.l Within the body |12 is a member |16 having a conical portion |18 constituting the valve proper and cooperating with a seat |80. Between the valver seat and the supply passage |14 there is a metering orifice |82 which is controlled by a metering pin |84. This pin has a very slight taper as compared with the valve |18.

In the lowermost position of the valve andY metering pin, the latter clears the metering orifice l |22 by a slight space which permits the lower end of the valve to be subjected to the pressure of the oil in the supply passage |14, thereby to lift the valve from itsrseat and to retract the metering pin within the orifice when the pressure rises high enough to overcome the loading of a spring now to be described.

The valve is arranged to respond to a predetermined pressure in the supply passage |14v as by being loaded by a spring |86 whose lower end rests against an abutment |88 on the valve, and whose upper end rests against an adjustable abutment |86 at the upper end of an axial chamber |92 in a screw |94 which is threaded into the valve casing |12. The spring is made the desired' strength to hold the valve on its seat until the desired opening pressure occurs. The amount which the valve will open and the consequent effective area of the metering orifice is determined r by an appropriate stop, herein a pin |96, having a body 268 which is tightly fitted into an axial hole 262 drilled in the screw |94. By rotating the screw in the proper direction the gap between the lower end of the stop pin |96 and the upper end of the valve member |16 may be varied to predetermine the rate of feed.

In this feeder, Vthe valve and its seat are above the supply passage |14 and when the valve opens oil is permitted to flow upwardly past the valve into the chamber above the valve seat and the oil then gravitates through passages 204 and 266 to a nozzle 288 presenting an outlet 2||1. 'The rate of feed is observable through openings 2|2v in a casing 214 which is threaded onto the valve" casing |12 and holds a glass tube 2|6, and pre` sents a threaded nipple 2|8. In theexample shown (see Fig. l) the nipples of the several feeders are connected by pipes 22|), 222,'224, 226, 228 and 236Y which deliver oil at intervals to corresponding working parts of the machine shown.

The feeder 46 shown in Fig. '1 is generally similar to the feeder 46 just described, but instead of having a gravity outlet has a pressure outlet 262 from which oil is delivered under pressure and can therefore be used in situations calling for the delivery of oil to working parts above the 70?.

While the pump might be driven by a motor or other separate source of power, in the example shown it is driven by the machine itself and it starts and stops with the machine. To this end,

it is conveniently driven from the machine as by a sprocket wheel 256 on the pump shaft 68, and connected by a chain 258 to a sprocket Wheel 260 secured to a shaft 262 of the machine.

While the general operation of the lubrication apparatus should be understood from the foregoing description, it will be reviewed briefly. Except for the fact that there is a permanent loss of oil at the extraneous Working parts which require only slight, occasional oiling, and except that some oil is always maintained in the primary reservoir (sump), secondary reservoir (about the pump) and tertiary reservoir (gutter), all oil in the apparatus is continually, though not continuously, in circulation. The pump intake draws oil directly from the primary reservoir (sump) and forces it out under pressure which rises and falls as the power driven plate valve opens and closes. 'Ihe pressure pulsations are applied to the pressure responsive feeders which open and close and feed oil to the extraneous working parts. Also, as the pressure'rises and falls, the pressure fluctuations are utilized to operate the pressure responsive piston valve to take oil from the pulsating column and to keep the secondary reservoir (about the pump) supplied with oil, and also to keep the tertiary reservoir (gutter) supplied with oil. The surplus oil from the secondary reservoir `returns directly to the sump. The oil which passes -to the tertiary reservoir (gutter) is de- Alivered by the latter to the working part or parts within the housing 26, and the oil draining therefrom gravitates to the primary reservoir (sump), thus completing the cycle. As the filter is between the sump and the pump inlet all oil is ,ltered before being supplied to the working parts.

It should now b'e evident that the dual systems are interdependent, that they have the primary reservoir and :the vpump in common, and that they are coordinated Aby the described arrangement including the pressure responsive piston valve which not only causes the gutter to be supplied but which alsoi assures an adequate supply of oil for the maintenance of a body of oil about the pump to lubricate its working parts. Of course, it is `true that when no lobe of the rotating plate valve covers the outlet G0, the latter discharges oil into the secondary reservoir, but that oil is supplemented by the discharge of oil by the pressure relief valve to the secondary reservoir, so that ample oil is supplied to the secondary reservoir for the maintenance of the desired body of oil to keep' the pump submerged. It is apparent, from the foregoing, that the two systems are not only interconnected by the parts which they have in common, but that they are coordinated and interrelated so that two classes of lubrication are effected with but little more expense and complication than a single system of the type employing pressure responsive feeders.

Having thus described one embodiment of the invention, .but without limiting myself thereto, what I claim, and desire, by Letters Patent, to secure is:

1. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, first and second lubrication systems, a reservoir common to `both systems and to which oil from both returns, a pumpdrawing Yoil from said reservoir and supplying oil to the rst system, means tocause feeding and non-feedingV lperiods in the first system, and means :to cause oil to be taken from the rst system during said non-feeding .periods and supplied to the other.

2. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, rst and second lubrication systems, a reservoir common to both systems, and to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to the rst system, means to cause alternating high and low pressures in the first system, and

means including a valve responsive to said pressures to cause oil to be taken from the iirst system during the period of low pressure therein and supplied to the second system.

3. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, primary and secondary lubrication systems, said primary system including a pressure responsive feeder, a reservoir common to both systems and to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to said primary system, means for causing in said primary system a high pressure to which said feeder responds and opens, and a low pressure, to which said feeder does not respond, and a valve responsive to said high and low pressures and causing oil to be taken from said primary system during said low pressure and supplied to said secondary system.

4. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, two lubrication systems, one of which includes a pressure responsive feeder, a reservoir common to both systems and to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to the system which includes said feeder, means to cause high pressure to which said feeder responds and opens and low pressure to which said feeder does not respond, and a valve responding to said low pressure and causing oil to be taken from the system which includes said feeder and supplied to the other systems, and responding to said high pressure and shutting oil olf from said other system.

5. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, two lubrication systems, one of which includes a pressure responsive feeder, a reservoir common to both systems and to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to the system which includes said feeder, means to cause high pressure to which said feeder responds and opens and low pressure to which said feeder does not-respond, a cylinder having a lateral port connected to the system which does not include said feeder and having a connection to the system which includes said feeder, a piston valve working in said cylinder across said port and subject to the pressure in the system which includes said feeder, and a spring ywhich yieldingly resists uncovering of said port by said valve, said valve having a passage therethrough of smaller cross-sectional area than said port and through which passage oil pressure on opposite ends of said valve is equalized during said high pressure, thereby permitting said spring to assert itself to move said Valve to a position in which it closes said lateral port.

6. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in corn` bination, two lubrication systems, one of which includes a pressure responsive feeder, a reservoir common to both systems and to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to the system which includes said feeder, means to cause high pressure to which said feeder responds and opens and low pressure to which said feeder does not respond, a cylinder 4having 'an outlet from the system which includes said feeder, and

having a lateral port corinected'to-the system i which does not includesaid feeder, means to open yand close said outlet and to cause alternately high Y. and low pressures in thevsy'stem which includes having one end subject to said high and low pressures, and a spring which yieldingly resists uncovering of said port by saidlvalve and which yields to said low pressure and. allows said valve -to uncover said port, said valve having a passage therethrough of smaller cross-sectional area than said port and through which passage oil iiowsv from the system which includes said feeder to said outlet, and through which passage oil pressure on opposite ends of said valve is equalized when said outlet is closed, thereby to permit said spring to assert itself tomove said valve to a position in which it closes 'said lateral port.

7. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, two lubrication systems, a primary reservoir common to both-systems and to which oil from both returns, apump common to both systems, drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil to both systems, and a secondary reservoir about said pump, receiving oil from one system and discharging surplus oilto said primary reservoir. y

8. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, two lubrication systems, a primary reservoir common to both systems band to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing-oil from said reservoir and supplying'oilto one system, means to cause oil to be taken from the one system and supplied to the other, andja secondary reservoir about said pump, receiving oil from the one system and discharging surplus oil to said primary reservoir. l i

- 9. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, first and second lubrication systems, a

' primary reservoir common to both systems and to- Awhich oil from both returns; a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to the rst system, a secondary reservoir about said pump and havingan'outlet to said primary reservoir, means 'to cause *alternately high oil to be taken from the first system-.and supplied to saidfsecondary reservoirj- 'rl 10. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in cornbination, rst and second lubrication systems, the first system including a pressure responsive feeder, a primary reservoir common to both systems and to which oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil under pressure to the first system, a secondary reservoir about said pump and having an outlet to said primary reservoir, means for causing alternating high and low pressures to which said feeder responds, means to limit said pressure and to supply oil to said secondary reservoir, and a valve responsive to said pulsations and causing oil to be said reservoir'fuand'supplying' oil under pressure to the system which --linbludessaid feeder, a secondary reservoir about said pump -andhaving an outlet to said primary'res'ervoir, means to cause high pressure to which saidfeederj responds and opens and to cause low pressure -to which said feeder does not respond, -meaisftodetermine the maximum pressure and to suppl'yeil to said secondary reservoir,

and a valve-'which responds to said low pressure and causes oiIto-be taken from the system which includes said-'feeder and supplied to the other systennand which'valve responds to said high pressure and shuts Yoiffoil to said other system.

12. LubricationA apparatus comprising, in combination,two"l'ubrication systems, oneof which includes'a pressure'responsive feeder, a primarir reservoir commento both systems and to which oil from both returns, al'pump'drawing oil from said reservoir andfsupplying oil under pressure to the system which`- includes said feeder, a secondaryL reservoir about saidpiunp-and having an outlet to said primary reservoir, means to cause high pressure to which said feeder responds and opens and to which said feeder does not respond, means to determinethe maximum pressure and to supply oil to said secondary reservoir, a cylinder having an outlet-from the-system which includes said feeder to said secondary reservoir, and having a lateral port lconnected to the system which does not include'saidfeeder, means to open and close opposite ends of-s'aidv'alve-is equalized when saidy outletis Yclose th'e'rb'yto permit said spring to assert itself t effe said valve to a position in which it closes'said port.

13. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in cornbination,la sump, 'a-igravity' type system from which oil returns to' said'sump, a reservoir having i an outlet tofsaid'v sump, aA pressure type system including' aconduit having two outlets, one to said gravity type'system and the other to said reservoir and including; also al pressure responsive feeder supplied'b"y-s'ai`d conduit, a pump within said reservoir and having its inlet connected to said sump and its outlet connected to said conduit, means alternately to open and close said conduit outlet to said reservoir thereby to raise and lower the pressure in said conduit and to cause alternate feeding and non-feeding intervals of said feeder, and means operated by rise of pressure in said conduit to close said outlet to said gravity type system and operated by lowering of pressure in said conduit to onen said outlet to said gravity type system.

14. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, a sump, a gravity type system from which oil returns to said sump, a reservoir having an outlet to said sump, a pressure type system including a conduit having two outlets, one to said gravity type system and the other to said reservoir, and including also a pressure responsive feeder supplied by said conduit, a pump within said reservoir and having its inlet connected to said sump` and its outlet connected to said conduit, means alternately to open and close said conduit outlet to said reservoir' thereby to raise and lower the pressure in said conduit and to cause alternate feeding, and non-feeding intervals of said feeder, a pressure. limiting valve which limits pressure in said conduit by releasing oil therefrom to said reservoir, and means operated by rise of pressure in said conduit to close said outlet to said gravity type systemy and operated by lowering of pressure in said conduit to open said outlet to said gravity type system.

15. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, a sump, a gravity type system from which oil returns to said sump, a reservoir having an outlet to said sump, a pressure type system including a conduit having two outlets, one to said gravity type system and the other to said reservoir, and including also a pressure responsive feeder supplied by said conduit, apump within said reservoir and having its inlet connected to said sump and its outlet connected to said conduit, means alternately to open and close said conduit outlet to said reservoir thereby to raise and lower the pressure in said conduit and to cause alternate feeding and non-feeding intervals of said feeder, and means operated by rise of pressure in said conduit to closev said' outlet to said gravity type systemand operated by lowering of pressure in said conduit to open said outlet to said gravity type system, the last-mentioned means including a valve, and a spring which tends to close said valve and is overcome by the lower pressure in said conduit.

16. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, a sump, a gravity type system from which oil returns to said sump, a reservoirhaving an outlet to said sump, a pressure type system including a conduit having two outlets, one to said gravity type system and the other to said reservoir, not including also a pressure responsive feeder supplied by said conduit, a` pump within said reservoir and having its inlet connected to said sump and its outlet connected to said conduit, means alternately to open and close said conduit outlet to said reservoir thereby to raise and lower the pressure in said conduit and to cause alternate feeding and non-feeding intervals of said feeder, and means operated by rise of pressure in said conduit to close saidV outlet to said gravity type system andV operated by lowering of pressure in said conduit to openy said outlet to said gravity type system, the'- last-mentioned means including a valve, andy aspring which tends to close said valve and is overcome by the lower pressure in said conduit, saidr valve having a pressure equalizing passage which equalizes oil pressures on opposite ends of said valve when said conduit outlet to said reservoir is closed.

17. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, two lubricating systems, a reservoir..

common to both systems, and to whicn oil from both returns, a pump drawing oil from said reservoir and supplying oil to the first system under pressure, means to cause alternately high and low pressures in the iirst system, and a control valve,l

having two positions, one in which, during each period of high pressure in the first system, the supply of oil to the second system is cut off, and the other in which, during each period of low pressure in the rst system, oil is supplied from,

period of high pressure in the rst system, the;--

supply of oil to the second system is cut off, and the other in which, during each period of low pressure in the first system, oil is supplied from the first system to the second system, and means to cause said valve to occupy said positions ing.

alternation.

19. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, a pressure type system, a gravity type system, a sump which receives oil from said gravity type system, a pump drawing oil from said sump and supplying oil under pressure to said pressure type system, and means intermittently to cause oil to be taken from said pressure type system at predetermined intervals and delivered to said gravity type system and to said sump iny alternation, said means including a power-driven valve.

20. Lubrication apparatus comprising, in combination, a pressure type system, a gravity type system, a sump which receives oil from said,

gravity type system, a pump drawing oil from said sump and supplying oil under pressure to said pressure type system, a reservoir associated with said pump and having an outlet to said sump,

and means intermittently toV cause oil to be takenl from said pressure type system at predetermined intervals and delivered to said gravity type system and to said reservoir in alternation, said means includingv a power driven valve.

FREDERICK C'. BLANCHARD.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No.' 2,162,952. June 2o, 1959.

FREDERICK C. BLANCHARD.

It is hereby certified that error appears in theprinted specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6, first column, line LLC, claim 16, for the word "not" read and; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record off the oase :Lnl the Patent Office.

Sigled- -and sealed this Zld day of Augst, A. D. 1959 vLeslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

